Process of making horseshoe-calks.



PATENTBDMAYQs, 1907. WHITAKER. PROCESS OF MAKING HORSES'HOE GALKS.

APPLIOATION PILED 001..24 1903.

UNITED s'rA'rns FATENT ()FFIOE.

RICHARD WHITAKER, OF NEW BRUNSWICK, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNOR TO THE NEVERSLIP MANUFACTURING COMPANY, OF NEW BRUNSWICK,

NEW JERSEY, A CORPORATION OF NEW JERSEY.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 28, 1907.

Application filed October 24, 1903. Serial No. 178,377.

.lo all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, RICHARD WHITAKER, a citizen of the United States, residing at New Brunswick,;in the county of Middlesex and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Processes of Making Horseshoe-Calks, of which the following is a description.

My present invention relates to the process of manufacture of horseshoe calks, of the self-sharpening variety, as disclosed in my coending application for patent Serial No. 146,718, filedMarch 7th, 1903, and the object I have in view is to cheapen the cost of manufacture, and produce a calk which is better in quality than those heretofore used.

The invention is illustrated in the accom-.

panying drawings, in which Figure 1 is an elevation of the horseshoe calk on an enlarged scale; Fig. 2 is a vertical section of the same Figs. 3, 4, 5, 6 and 7 are views illustrating the process of manufacture; and Figs. 8 and 9' are an elevation and end view res ectively of the center pin or core of the ca k on an enlarged scale.

The calk A, preferably of pyramidal form and made of soft steel, is provided with a hard steel center or core B, whereby the calk has the self-sharpening quality well understood. The core B extends only as far as the shoulder a of the calk. The shank bis screwtgreaded for securing the calk to the horses oe.

In the manufacture of this calk a rod of soft steel, having a diameter somewhat less than the shank of the calk, is cut into lengths a somewhat greater than the completed calk. One of these lengths is shown in Fig. 3. This piece 0 is then subjected to the action of a unch at one end, which produces a centerlng depression (1 and also tapers the end of the piece as shown at e in Fig. 4. The piece a is then put in a drilling machine, the drill being centered by the depression d, and the hole f is bored in the piece 0, extending a distance somewhat greater than half the length of the piece, as shown in Fig, 5. The center pin B made of high carbon steel is then dropped into the bore f. This center pin is made of steel wire cut to the proper length and subjected to the action of dies which enlarge it slightly at one end to form a head g, and which also forms a groove h on one side of the pin extending lengthwise thereof (see Figs. 8 and 9). The head 9 of the pin B is approximately the same size as the bore f, t e body of the pin being smaller than that bore. The pin is inserted in the bore head first, the head resting on the bottom of the bore as shown in dotted lines in Fig. 5. The piece 0 with the pin B inserted in it is then subjected to the action of dies O D (Fi 6) which swage or upset it endwise into the orm shown in Fig. 7. The device is then taken from the dies, the shank bis screw-threaded, and the end of the calk is finished off to a uniform shape, after which the calk is tempered and is then complete and ready for use.

The action of the swaging dies C D is not only to give the calk its final form in outline, but these dies also swage or upset the metal forming the body of the calk upon the center pin B, and to some extent they may also act to slightly taper the center pin. The center pin is thus secured firmly in position, so that it will retain its place in the calk to whatever extent the calk is worn.

By providing the groove it running lengthwise of the center pin, a vent is produced for the air or gas in the imperfectly closed space around the center pin, such gases being given a high degree of pressure by the heat used in tempering the calk. I have found that unless such a vent is provided, the center pin Will be loosened during the tempering of the calk. This groove in not entirely closed by the swaging or upsetting of the body of the calk upon the center pin, and the vent produced by it is therefore effective to liberate the gases.

The horseshoe calk constructed in the manner described is superior in quality, and is also cheap to manufacture. By making the center in the form of a separate pin secured mechanically in the soft steel body of the calk, a uniform quality of steel can be employed.

The horseshoe calk'produced by this process, and disclosed in this s ecification is not claimed herein, but forms t e subject-matter of my Patent No. 779,753, issued January Having now described my invention, what I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is:

1. The process of making horseshoe calks provided with hard centers, which consists in partially boring out a length of soft steel, in serting a high carbon steel pin in said bore, so that it rests upon the bottom thereof, the said pin being grooved, then swagi-ng or upsetting the piece lengthwise so as to give the form to the calk, and swage or upset the metal of the body of the call: upon the center pin to secure it in place, and finally tempering the calk, substantially as set forth.

2. The process of making horseshoe calks provided with hard centers, which consists in inserting a high carbon steel pin within an opening formed in a length of soft steel, the

said pin being grooved and having an. en- 15 larged head, and then swaging or upsetting the piece lengthwise, so as to give it the form of the calk, and swage or upset the metal of the body of the calk upon the center piece and around the same, to secure it in place, and finally tempering the Llk, substantially as set forth.

This specification signed and witnessed this 22 day of October, 1903.

RICHARD \Vl lllAK I) ll. \Vitnesses VILLIAM J. MoOUunY, FRANK E. Fisnnn. 

